![]() before the age of 18, he or she no longer needs a work permit. If a student passes the California High School Proficiency Exam (CHSPE) or the G.E.D. If a student graduates from high school before age 18, he or she no longer needs a work permit. Minors under 18 years of age must attend school to get a work permit. No work permit is required for the following jobs: 1) certain agricultural industry jobs, 2) odd jobs in private homes such as gardening and babysitting, 3) newspaper delivery jobs, 4) casual work in a family-owned business, and 5) self-employment.ĭoes a work permit require school attendance? There are a few exceptions to these rules. A minor under the age of 12 cannot receive a work permit except in the entertainment industry. Minors aged 12 through 17 are required to get work permits before starting a job. Bring the typed work permit back to the prospective employer.It usually takes 48 hours to process the Work Permit. Return the completed work permit application to College and Career Readiness Department (2465 Dolan Way San Pablo, CA 94806) where the work permit will be processed and typed.Fill out the personal information at the top of the application, get your prospective employer to fill out the information required in the middle portion, and have a parent or guardian sign the bottom portion of the application.Obtain a work permit application at your local high school (or the application form may be downloaded from the California State Department of Education website (click here).There are four steps in obtaining a work permit: ![]() You may get a work permit from your local public high school. What is a work permit and where can I get one?Ī work permit is a legal document required by the state of California that allows a person under 18 years of age to hold a job. Frequently Asked Questions about Work Permits
0 Comments
Which is why Sauterey, a computational ecologist, decided to see just how habitable early Mars might have been. It’s not clear how long those temperate conditions persisted or exactly how much water there was, but it is clear that ancient Mars contained all the ingredients for life as we know it, including water, carbon-containing organic compounds, and active chemical reactions that provide energy. But as an astrobiologist, my hope is that it is, and that maybe that knowledge can help us have a deeper appreciation for our place in the universe.” A temperate Mars of the pastĭry and irradiated, the Martian surface would challenge even the hardiest of Earth’s microbes to survive for more than a moment.īillions of years ago, though, the planet was warmer and more watery. “Whether it’s still there today, I can’t hazard a guess. “I wouldn’t put it past the Martian microbe to beat the odds and survive for an extended period,” says Amy Williams of the University of Florida. ![]() And scientists may just find signs of that life when meteors barrel into Mars and excavate buried layers of ice, or when new spacecraft arrive to plumb this underground realm. This scenario may sound farfetched, but recent results from scientists modelling the habitability of ancient Mars and studying the hardiness of microbes in labs and beneath our own planet’s surface all point in the same direction: It’s a long shot, but it’s possible life evolved on Mars and still exists. It could host a world of alien organisms that are capable of waiting thousands of years between each turn of their metabolic engines. ![]() ![]() The Martian interior may not be as lifeless as its face. “It’s not the process of life appearing that is limiting it’s life maintaining itself that is limiting.”īut perhaps, more than 30 feet beneath the surface and encased in ice, these ancient single-celled organisms achieved a state of dormancy-a sort of cryopreserved slumber, ready to perk up when more life-friendly conditions arise. “Maybe extinction is the cosmic default of life in the universe,” says Boris Sauterey of the Institut de Biologie de l’Ecole Normale Supérieure in Paris. It’s possible they were only a short-lived flash of life on an otherwise sterile world. How long those burrowing microbes could have survived in the deep is unknown. Over time, their growing, insatiable appetite would have robbed the Martian atmosphere of hydrogen-a powerful greenhouse gas during the planet’s early days-ultimately casting a deadly freeze over the planet and driving microbial populations into deeper, warmer crannies. Called methanogens, Mars’s microbes would have inhaled atmospheric hydrogen and carbon dioxide and exhaled methane gas-and in a twist, they may have turned out to be their own worst enemy. Residing in the planet’s briny underworld and shielded from the lethal radiation that bathes the surface, these organisms could have grown in nooks and fissures, multiplying until their collective heft rivaled Earth’s cache of life. Today the Martian surface is hostile to life as we know it, but as this scientific story goes, Mars may have once hosted a rich abundance of microbes. Mars, the other world, followed a different path. One, Earth, evolved in a way that allowed life to flourish and splinter into endless forms most beautiful. About 3.5 billion years ago, two of the planets that orbited the sun may have had biospheres of similar bulk. ![]() Users/rupa/Library/Python/2.7/lib/python/site-packages/powerline/bindings/bash/powerline.sh Some details about bash_profile Note: The location /Users/rupa/Library/Python/2.7/lib/python/site-packages/ is from the previous step (2.5.1). bash_profile and add the following: export PATH=$PATH:$HOME/Library/Python/2.7/bin If not following create one by doing: cd ~ & touch ~/.bash_profileĢ. bash_profile file in your root directory. You can figure out the location of Powerline by running the following: pip show powerline-status Copy the value from the Location field.Ģ.5.2 Add the daemon with a proper location to. We now need to add the Powerline daemon to bash so that it can monitor the Terminal prompt and make changes.Ģ.5.1 Copy the Powerline’s installation location If you want to install the latest development branch, then use: $ pip install -user git+git:///powerline/powerline //dev 2.5 Add the Powerline daemon to bash 2.4 Install Powerlineįinally, install the Powerline (stable version) via pip by running the following command. If it doesn’t work, try xcode-select -r to reset. $ xcode-select -install Note: The above command opens up Mac’s installer and installs the XCode Developer CLI tools. So make sure to install the XCode CLI tools by running the following command. XCode Developer CLI tools are used by Powerline and other apps that manipulate core OSX features. $ sudo easy_install pip 2.3 Install XCode Developer CLI tools Install pip by running the following command Run brew install python to install the latest Python via HomebrewĢ.2 Install pip - A package manager for Python (similar to npm).If it’s not 2.7, install Homebrew that allows us to install various software from the CLI, by running: /usr/bin/ruby -e "$(curl -fsSL )". ![]() Ensure Python’s version is 2.7.x by typing python -V in the Terminal. MacOS comes with Python installed already.2.1 Install Pythonīecause Powerline is a Python app, we need to have Python and that too a proper version of Python. It makes the Terminal prompt look like below. Powerline is a Python app and is a status line plugin for vim, and provides status lines and prompts for several other applications, including zsh, bash, tmux, IPython, Awesome and Qtile. Open Terminal > Preferences > Text and select the “Solarized Dark …” theme and click on “Default”.įrom now on, your Terminal should like below.At this point, you have the Theme installed into your Terminal.Note: If you get a warning that this is from an unidentified developer, Right-click on the file and select “Open with” > Terminal option. Double click “Solarized Dark ansi.terminal”file - This is the specific Theme file for Terminal.app.This folder contains Theme for the terminal. Open the osx-terminal.app-colors-solarized folder.Scroll down and download the Theme (solarized.zip).right-click on the *.terminal file > “open with" > Terminal Simply open the *.terminal file to install it, i.e. Note: You can download various Themes (.terminal files) from this git repo. In this blog, I’ll add Solarized-Dark theme to our Terminal. Let’s download a Theme and add it to the Terminal. Terminal doesn’t provide all the cool and fancy themes that you see other developers use. The first obvious step is to enhance the Theme. Let’s go ahead and add Themes, fonts, and so on. OK, by default, when you have a new mac, your Terminal.app will look something like below. My Versions: Mac High Sierra git version 2.14.3 (Apple Git-98) Python 2.7.10 I’m not using ZSH or Hyper in this blog - I plan to write different blogs for them.ģ. This is for MacOS and for regular bash in the Terminal.app. Follow the steps carefully as any mistake will cause a lot of headaches.Ģ. So I thought I'd blog about it - hopefully it'll help you. It turns out, if you are using Mac, you’ll need to jump through a lot of hoops to get this working as many instructions are for linux, or are out of date. In this blog I’ll go over the steps to add Themes, Powerline, fonts, and powerline-gitstatus to make your regular Bash Terminal look beautiful and useful as shown in the picture above. ![]() Metadata, while not revealing actual data, can reveal social graphs such as who you’re talking to, for how long and how frequently. For more information about this project, you can read information about Tor or learn more in detail design from to that Tor Messenger’s issues with metadata still being accessible, low interest and reoccurring security flaws, and it’s no wonder the client never received an official release. Appimage package.Īs indicated in their repository on GitHub, the entire app is open source and they are open to contributions. Since we are using an AppImage file, If after trying it you don't want to continue having it on your system, it will only be necessary to remove the. Once this is done, all that remains is to close this window, and we can right-click on the file to select Run and start the application. In it we can mark the checkbox in which you can read 'Allow executing the file as a program'. In the window that will open, we will click on the "Permissions" tab. Once in it there is nothing more than right click on it and go to the 'Properties' option. When the download is finished, we are going to go to the folder in which we have saved the package. In addition to using the web browser to download the AppImage package, we can also open a terminal (Ctrl+Alt+T) and run wget in the following way to download the latest version published today: Ubuntu users can get the latest version of this messaging program from the project release page. This application can be found available for different operating systems. It can learn more about the protocol that uses this application in the documentation that they have published in their GitHub repository. channel layer parses and handles packets based on channel type and the state of that specific channel.This allows multiplex different operations on the same connection, and packages the data for channel-level analysis. The packet layer separates the connection into a series of packets delivered to the channels.The connection layer describes the use of an anonymized TCP-style connection for peer-to-peer communication.The protocol with which it works is defined in three layers: This peer-to-peer instant messaging application, uses a communication protocol to communicate two instances of Speek.Chat, which are made through a Tor service connection. As indicated in their GitHub repository, Speek.Chat is not affiliated with or endorsed by The Tor Project.The program point-to-point encryption, using TLS/SSLv3, routed through the Tor network.Once we close the app, all our messages will be deleted.It's a multiplatform program, which is also very easy to use, because it does not require technical knowledge of any kind.As with metadata, our messages and data are never stored on any server, allowing us to converse without intermediaries.Nobody will be able to find out who our contacts are or when you talk to them, because it also does not store metadata of any kind.The chat It will allow us to send messages, audio, icons, files or images.This application It will allow us to chat without exposing our identity or IP address to anyone's eyes.By sharing the key, we can send a request to add the user with whom we share the key to the contact list to start chatting. Each user can share his public key with others ( through other means) to establish the connection. Users are only identified through public keys. This is what makes it possible for IP addresses to never be public, so users can remain anonymous. Speak it does not have a server, it does not store metadata, it does not require ID or phone number and all messages, including file transfers, are end-to-end encrypted and routed through the Tor network. The encounter system makes it extremely difficult for anyone to know our identity from our address. When logged in, contacts connect to the user, not to an intermediate server, and it's all done through the Tor network. Speek.Chat en a peer-to-peer instant messaging system. The program is currently available for Gnu/Linux, OS X and Windows. This is a free and open source instant messaging application, which is based on the Tor network services. In the next article we are going to take a look at Speak.Chat. ![]() Sekiro offered sword fights that made you feel like you were fighting with a dangerous weapon. This is an accepted video game convention, but it doesn't have the same urgency of classic samurai films where a single strike could pierce an opponent through the heart. Usually in games with swords, you chip away at the health bar of any enemy bit by bit. When Sekiro came out last year, it featured the best melee combat system of any game I've ever played. Sekiro's combat is fast, precise and brilliantly polished. ![]() So despite their differences, I'm pitting them head to head. I also have similar feelings of triumph when I win a tough fight in both games. Nevertheless, both draw heavy inspiration from classic samurai films, both have heart pounding one-on-one duels and epic swordplay, and both are set in reimagined regions of historical Japan. Sekiro, on the other hand, is a tightly designed linear experience where the focus is almost always on making it from point A to B in one piece. Yes, both feature fast-paced sword fights, but Ghost is an open world adventure where tense moments of combat are balanced by serene meadows and optional activities like collecting flowers and composing haiku. It's wonderful in its own way and not the Sekiro clone I was expecting. Now that I've sunk 30 to 40 hours into Ghost of Tsushima, I'm prepared to say I love this game too. I was prepared to dislike Ghost of Tsushima out of spite because I thought it would be a dumbed down version of Sekiro meant to please those less willing to endure the torture of near-impossible boss fights. It's a brutally difficult yet masterfully crafted samurai game from the team that created my favorite game ever - Dark Souls. Please note that unless you're making a shield for a specific daily, you should leave this at 0.I loved Sekiro: Shadows Die Twice. Weapon levels is the average number of weapon levels (not prestiges) you have on each weapon by the end of your run.ĭaily crit chance bonus is the % bonus to crit chance you'll have from your daily. The default weights (12/11.25) are used to provide a good balance between damage and helium/exp gain. So if your next VMDC upgrade were to increase your value by 0.5%, the default weight of 12 will multiply it by 12 so it will be calculated as if it were to increase your value by 6%. VM weight, XP weight, and HP weight are multipliers to the value of the Void Map Drop Chance, Fluffy Exp, and Trimp Health/Breed Speed mods respectively. You can also hover over the heirlooms in your inventory to view them. To go back to your equipped heirloom, click on your currently selected heirloom to unselect it. To weigh mods using one of these heirlooms rather than your currently equipped heirloom, click on the one you'd like to weigh. To the right of the inputs, you'll see your inventory of carried heirlooms. But you probably shouldn't spend spirestones until you have a quite a few floors, or have a replacement core so you can recycle your current to afford the next floor. (also Trimp Health/Prismatic/Inequality in U2) If you have other useful mods on your heirlooms (such as Explorer Efficiency or Fragment Drop Rate), you'll have to upgrade them based on feel, as they're very difficult to weigh.Īdditionally, this will not recommend replacing mods with stronger ones, nor adding mods in empty slots, nor equipping a better heirloom from your carried ones, nor saving spirestones for additional floors. Currently the only mods this will recommend upgrading are Trimp Attack, Crit Chance, Crit Damage, Plaguebringer, Void Map Drop Chance, Gamma Burst, Fluffy Exp, Miner Efficiency, Parity Power, and every core mod. In case your game acts weird, reopen Wineskin.app under the Steam app contents and try changing these settings: Once it's done, you can now download and install Windows Steam games and play them all you want! I'd recommend using the Mac Steam client to buy games, and the Wineskin Steam client to download and play the Windows games. Once the Steam installation completes, a dialog box may come up that says "No executable was found.", and a dropdown list of executables in the wrapper. Even when it looks like it's not doing anything (for example, 0% progress after a full minute), it's doing something. The Steam installation wizard will pop up, and lead you through the install process. In the Finder window that pops up, select "SteamInstall.msi", the file that you downloaded from me. Click that button, then select "Choose Setup Executable". Inside will be a window with a button that says "Install Software". Double click that, then double click the item labeled "Wineskin.app". A finder window will pop up with a "Contents" folder. Right click it and select "Show Contents". Inside the Wineskin folder, you'll find "Steam.app". You should find a "Wineskin" folder in the folder that you put Wineskin Winery in. Name the file "Steam" (Wineskin will include the. Once you have done this, click "Create New Blank Wrapper". ![]() Download and install the latest one (no admin password required). The window that opens should have a list of engines for download. msi installer that I uploaded worked for me. Note that the steam.exe installer may not work, as it did not work for me, but the. Here's how it works:įirst, download this file (no malware, I promise), and this file (no malware there either, I promise). This method will allow you to play Windows-only Steam games on your iMac as if they were Mac games, with no difference in performance at all. You might have already seen this guide to playing Windows Steam games on Mac, by NHRoccodog. ![]() The character driven narrative takes a look at the lives of two men intertwined within a mystery. The year started off great with this fantastic series. “Master of Monsters” is a beautiful collection of pictures but also an in depth analysis of the man behind the magic of such influential films as Godzilla and Ultraman. ![]() Tsuburaya is a legend he is one of the founding fathers of tokusatsu and a pioneer of special effects in Japan. “Scanners” has received the treatment it truly deserves.Įiji Tsuburaya: Master of Monsters by August Ragone (Chronicle Books) ![]() The transfer is gorgeous and the artwork throughout the packaging is some of the best composed from the company. Scanners (1981) directed by David Cronenberg (Criterion Collection)Ĭriterion again displays their love for horror by crafting another standout Blu-Ray. The transfer is beautiful and the mono track is crisp Criterion has brought back to life the ghosts that have haunted Jack Clayton’s film with this affectionately rendered Blu-ray. One of the greatest classic horror films received the Criterion treatment. The Innocents (1961) directed by Jack Clayton (Criterion Collection) Styled with a range of musical influences the group makes a worthy companion score to the classic film. The septet UK group The Laze released their accompaniment for 1925’s “Phantom of the Opera” off One Way Static Records. Phantom of the Opera by Rupert Julian (One Way Static Records) The 1954 soundtrack of Toho’s “Godzilla” is stunning, a true pleasure to hear on vinyl. The guys from Death Waltz have again given genre fans something to be excited about. Godzilla by Akira Ifukube (Death Waltz Records)īeautiful. More monsters and more narrative allow the film to progress more fitting to Barker’s intention and style. For fans of the film, this version is everything you wanted. This limited special edition of Clive Barker’s heavily discussed alternate cut has finally arrived. Helpful criticism is always welcome.Nightbreed: The Cabal Cut (Scream Factory) IF you feel I should try something else let me know. Remember everyone, LIVE LARGE! Also I’m just toying with that as a closing line. Way to go Big G! I’m looking forward to your work as an ambassador as well as your film next year from your old mother company of Toho studios. ![]() All we need now is for an announcer to yell, “GUNDAM FIGHT! READY? GO!”įinally, as I have to talk about it even in the Facebook group, lets give it up for Godzilla! Early this year the King of Monsters was officially made a Japanese citizen and was given the honor of being an ambassador of tourism for the country. And Japan accepted! They are still working out all the details on how the fight will play out but it will surely an event I’ll keep a look out for. Japan… WITH GIANT ROBOTS! American robot developers out of Texas have created a robot called the Megabot MK 2 and have now challenged the Japanese robot, Kuratas to a duel. I really need to get around to reading that biography of his I have on my shelf. Happy Birthday to the late but still true Master of Monsters. I already tried it myself and found it to be a lot of fun. The custom google splash allows a person to make their own mini-kaiju movie. Lets get started.įirst up, a big shout out to Google who decided to celebrate Eiji Tsuburaya’s birthday in style. My way of talking about some recent events without doing a full review or anything like that. Welcome to a new segment on this blog that I call, COLOSSAL NEWS! This is where I’m going to take the time to discuss news articles that I feel fall under this blogs criteria. Now it just has a free service that includes all the features that used to be Pro. Wunderlist used to have a free tier of service and a paid Pro service. When a kill date is finally set, you can see whether Microsoft To-Do is a suitable alternative or whether it's time to migrate to something else. Certainly, Microsoft will give you some warning before retiring the app for good, and you might as well stick with it if it does what you need. Third, and most important of all, Microsoft could yank Wunderlist away from you at any time.Įxisting Wunderlist users: If you're still happy with Wunderlist, I recommend you keep using it until you feel ready to switch. Second, there are better to-do apps that have kept pace with change and offer a better experience. I have three reasons for dissuading you from creating a new account and starting fresh with Wunderlist at this stage. ![]() You sign up by logging in to any account from Microsoft, or by using a Google or Facebook account as the authenticator. If you don't have a Wunderlist account already, you can still create a new one, if you want it. The problem is Wunderlist is now four years behind its competition, and time is of the essence. If To-Do does manage to one day capture all the best features from Wunderlist, that could be great. Microsoft To-Do has improved little by little, but it's still not all that impressive.Īs with so much of Microsoft's software, To-Do will probably continue to grow slowly, lagging behind competitors in core features but increasing its connectivity with other Microsoft apps all the time. It came out of the gate weak, missing many key features found in the best to-do list apps. That app first appeared in 2017, and in its short lifespan, it hasn't done anything wildly impressive. Meanwhile, Microsoft has promised to keep Wunderlist alive until it has incorporated all the best features from it, as well as requested features, into an app that will one day replace it, called Microsoft To-Do. They both offer more than pretty much any other to-do app on the market. I like Todoist better for personal tasks and Asana for business and teamwork, but explore them for yourself. If you don't already have one, I recommend you instead consider an Editors' Choice to-do app, namely Todoist Premium or Asana. Given this predicament, should you pick up this great little to-do app or continue using it if you already have an account? What else is out there, and what are the benefits, if any, of riding out Wunderlist until its final days? Below, I'll help you answer all these questions and more so you can choose the best task-management app for your situation.Īllow me to cut to the chase and say if you already have a Wunderlist account, there's no reason to panic just yet. Nearly four years later, Wunderlist's doomsday still has not arrived, and Microsoft doesn't have an estimated date when it will happen. In 2015, Microsoft acquired this app and announced it would kill it off.eventually. Wunderlist has been one of the most popular and best to-do list apps around. ![]() See our list of the best to-do list apps for other recommendations. No longer actively supported, except for security updates.Įditors' Note: This product has been discontinued.How to Set Up Two-Factor Authentication.How to Record the Screen on Your Windows PC or Mac.How to Convert YouTube Videos to MP3 Files.How to Save Money on Your Cell Phone Bill.How to Free Up Space on Your iPhone or iPad.How to Block Robotexts and Spam Messages. ![]() Reviver is verified by Discord to be secure, authentic and useful. Reviver is very user friendly, easy to set up and easy to use. Reviver is a very safe bot, it has been well tested for days to make sure there are no security flaws that affects the servers. Reviver is a very useful bot built to fit in any community, encourages users to participate more in discussions, and helps raise the activity of the server quickly. Looking to spark a laugh in your server? This bot has several meme commands taken from only the best sources (Basically, Reddit.) Quick Search commands, you can search a user by name, nickname or tag. If your hair is desperate for more intense nourishment than a normal conditioner can provide, LOral Paris Elvive Rapid Reviver Dream Lengths Long Hair. Well organized and well detailed information commands about guilds and guild members. Although originally created for soft tops, the Soft Top Reviver is also ideal for boat covers, canvas, double duck, and mohair coverings as it re-colours and. Unique multiplayer & singleplayer fun commands to kill boredom. About Press Copyright Contact us Creators Advertise Developers Terms Privacy Policy & Safety How YouTube works Test new features Press Copyright Contact us Creators. Eventually he will log out but I will not be able to salvage his reviver and take his ship. Are devs intentionally protecting noobs from having ships taken I am currently on board someones ship. Useful utility commands to set server reminders, automatically give interesting facts and topics, and much more. 'Its currently impossible to blank a reviver of someone whos offline.' It seems suspicious to me that this wasnt always a bug. Over 1000 Facts to discuss and debate about, and also has a separate command for animal facts. Simply enter the email address you used for your purchase, your password and click LOGIN. Reviver has 1000+ unique questions to initiate fun and long-lasting conversation in your server. Tons of topic commands to keep the chat alive. For further details see open access options. To publish open access, a publication fee (APC) needs to be met by the author or research funder. Reviver has 1000+ unique questions to initiate fun a After California in 2018 and Arizona in 2019, Michigan is the third state to give the all-clear to digital license plates. This journal offers authors the option to publish their research via open access. ![]() Do you want to revive your chat? Invite our professional verified by Discord bot, created especially for lively community servers. ![]() If you are unfamiliar with Japanese then the word KONNICHIWA has no meaning to you, but at least you will be able to sound it out. Take the Japanese example from above, KONNICHIWA. If you are unfamiliar with the language of the word being transliterated, then it is unlikely that its transliteration will give you insight into the meaning of the word. ![]() Overall, proper transliteration is more than just converting a character or word from one alphabet to that of another. For example, the first five Roman numerals transliterated to Japanese are as follows. Transliteration is also not just limited to letters as it can involve converting numbers. In terms of converting one writing system to that of another, romanization can be considered as a type of transliteration, but it would be best to avoid the term altogether and stick with transliteration to ensure that you are not pigeonholing yourself. However, they are not the same, since transliteration is not limited to just Roman characters. ![]() This is because romanization is the transliteration of a language that does not use Roman characters, such as Arabic, Chinese, Cyrillic, Hindi, Japanese, Korean and many others, to a language that does use Roman characters, like English, French, German and Spanish. The word transliteration is sometimes confused with romanization. The Germanic letter Ö is interesting in that the English transliteration of the letter can be represented as either O or OE, but not because the letter phonetically matches O and OE but is instead considered equivalent to them. The letter Ö is commonly used in the names of localities and streets of countries that speak a Germanic language, such as Danish, German, Swedish and Icelandic. This is more commonly the case with diacritics (umlauts and diaeresis). In some cases, a character in one language may have an equivalent in another despite the pronunciation of the character being different. Transliteration is not always the process of just making a phonetic conversion. France, Germany, United States of America, United Kingdom), the letter Z cannot be transliterated on its own, since there are multiple possibilities. English, French, German) and the country (e.g. In Spanish and Italian, the name is pronounced ZETA, while in Dutch, Polish, Romanian and Czech it is pronounced ZET. In most other English-speaking countries, such as Australia, Canada, Ireland, New Zealand and the United Kingdom the name is pronounced ZED. In the United States of America, the name of the letter Z is pronounced ZEE. Transliteration is also dependent upon the country in which the language is used. Therefore, they will be transliterated differently even though the alphabet is the same. Multiple languages share the Roman alphabet, but the pronunciation of some letters will differ from language to language. Transliteration is not just dependent on phonetically matching one language’s alphabet to that of another. In English, this would be similar to the letter C sounding different for the words ‘company’ and ‘civil.’ This is because depending on the context of how the letter is used, the character on its own can have two different sounds, thus leading to different phonetic matches. Notice that the last letter in the word, は, has two possible transliterations – HA and WA. In this case, each letter from the Japanese word can be transliterated to English on its own. This conversion process is normally done by taking a letter from one alphabet and phonetically matching it to one or more characters in another alphabet.įor example, the Japanese word こんにちは will transliterate to KONNICHIWA in English. ![]() Simply put, transliteration is the process of converting a word or single character from one writing system to that of another. |